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Here's a guide
I use
for work.
Neil
CAT 5 Patch/Crossover Cable Creation
Guide
Before you begin creating your CAT 5 patch
and/or crossover cable, it's important to point out that the method
outlined
here is only one method. It is by no means the only or best method. Also,
make
sure you have all the necessary tools and materials before you begin. You
will
need a length of CAT cable, several RJ-45 connectors, and a crimp
tool.
1.
Most crimp tools have two blades: one designed to cut completely through a
cable
and the other designed to strip the cable jacket/insulation. Using the
latter
blade, strip the cable jacket/insulation back about an inch, so all the
wires
inside are exposed. Be careful not to cut the inside wires when stripping
the
cable’s insulation.
2. With the jacket/insulation removed, you'll
find
eight wires and a string inside the CAT 5 cable. Cut the string off, and
untwist
the wires back to within one-eighth inch of the jacket.
3. Fan the wires out from left to right in the
order they are to be crimped. The crimping order depends on the type of
cable
you are making. For this guide, we will be wiring the cable to CAT 5 EIA
568B
specifications. This is the configuration for a standard CAT 5 patch cable
(See
Table 1 and Figure A).
Table 1: How to wire a CAT 5 (EIA 568B) Patch
Cable
Connector #1 Connector
#2
White/Orange
White/Orange
Orange/White
Orange/White
White/Green
White/Green
Blue/White
Blue/White
White/Blue
White/Blue
Green/White
Green/White
White/Brown
White/Brown
Brown/White Brown/White
Note: The first colour listed in the colour
pair is
the dominant colour of the wire. In other words, White/Orange is a white
wire
with orange stripes.
Figure A: Standard EIA/TIA T568B Wiring
Diagram
See
attachment FIG1.GIF
4. Grasp the wires firmly between your fingers
and
flatten them to remove their curliness. The wires must lay flat and
together,
aligned as closely as possible. Try not to get them out of
order.
5. While holding them firmly, cut off about a
half-inch of the exposed wires, so they are all the same
length.
6. Slide the RJ-45 connector onto the wires,
making
sure the wires stay lined up. The connector has eight slots, one for each
wire.
Try to make each wire reach the end of its slot. The cable
jacket/insulation
should reach just beyond the end of the crimp point. If the insulation
doesn’t
reach far enough inside the connector or if the wires don’t reach the
end of
their slots, cut the wires off a bit more. If the cable jacket/insulation
reaches too far past the crimp point, simply trim off a little more
jacket/insulation.
7. Next, verify all the wires are in the
correct
order, and insert the connector into the crimping tool. Crimp it! This
requires
a little bit of strength, and you may need to use two hands.
8. Now repeat steps 1 through 7 for the
opposite
end of the patch cable, and you’re finished.
Creating a crossover cable
Crossover cables
are
used to connect two machines without the use of a hub, switch, or router.
While
similar to a standard CAT 5 cable, the wiring in a crossover cable is
actually
quite different. Instead of following the same wire pattern on both ends of
the
cable, one end is exactly opposite of the other, as seen in Table 2 and
Figure B
below.
Table 2: How to wire a CAT 5 Crossover
Cable
Connector #1 Connector
#2
White/Orange
White/Green
Orange/White
Green/White
White/Green White/Orange
Blue/White
Blue/White
White/Blue
White/Blue
Green/White Orange/White
White/Brown
White/Brown
Brown/White Brown/White
Figure B: Standard and Crossover EIA/TIA T568B
Wiring Diagram
See
attachment FIG2.GIF
Note: Remember
that
these instructions are only a general guide. Your actual experience will
depend
on the tools and materials you are using.
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